Veritas Ledger/Security Architecture
Trust & Security

Security is the product,
not a feature.

Veritas stores professional liability documents — structural reports, compliance certificates, and as-built drawings that carry legal and financial consequence. Our threat model begins with the assumption that any single infrastructure component can fail or be compromised, and designs accordingly.

Defence-in-Depth

Every security guarantee is layered. A breach at one layer does not compromise the others. Documents remain unintelligible without the encryption key even if storage is accessed.

Privacy by Design

No Veritas server can read your document content. Only encrypted ciphertext is stored. The cryptographic design guarantees this at the architecture level, not by policy.

Cryptographic Agility

We use only NIST-standardised algorithms. No proprietary cryptography. As standards evolve, our architecture supports migration without breaking historical records.

Cryptographic Foundation

Public standards. No proprietary cryptography.

Every algorithm Veritas uses is published, peer-reviewed, and standardised by NIST. The security of your records does not depend on trusting Veritas — it depends on the mathematical properties of openly auditable algorithms.

AES-256-GCMNIST FIPS 197
Document Encryption

Symmetric encryption for all stored documents. Approved for US TOP SECRET classification. The same standard protecting national security communications.

Protects against: content exposure if any storage layer is breached

ML-KEMNIST FIPS 203 (2024)
Post-Quantum Key Exchange

CRYSTALS-Kyber key encapsulation. The only NIST-standardised post-quantum algorithm for key establishment. Protects against harvest-now-decrypt-later attacks by quantum-capable adversaries.

Protects against: future quantum computers decrypting today's stored documents

Ed25519RFC 8032 (IETF)
Attestation Signatures

Edwards-curve digital signatures for every attestation. 128-bit security level. Independently verifiable using only the signer's public key — no Veritas involvement required, now or in 50 years.

Protects against: signature forgery and impersonation of attestors

SHA-256 MerkleNIST FIPS 180-4
Integrity Anchoring

Every attestation is hashed and rolled into a daily Merkle root. A single byte change in any document alters the root — detectable by anyone with a copy of the original hash.

Protects against: undetected post-attestation modification of any record

All algorithms are publicly specified. The security properties of AES-256-GCM, ML-KEM, Ed25519, and SHA-256 are documented in open NIST publications and verifiable by any independent cryptographer. We rely on mathematical strength, not on keeping our methods secret.

Layered Architecture

Five independent layers.
Each protecting against a distinct threat.

No single layer is a single point of failure. A compromise at any one layer is contained — the other layers maintain the integrity and confidentiality of every record.

L1
Document LayerAES-256-GCM

Protects against: Content exposure if storage is breached

Every document is encrypted before it leaves the client. The server receives and stores only ciphertext. No Veritas employee can read document content.

L2
Key Distribution LayerML-KEM (FIPS 203)

Protects against: Future quantum computers decrypting today's data

Post-quantum key encapsulation protects the symmetric key exchange. Documents encrypted today remain confidential even if quantum computers become available in future.

L3
Storage LayerIPFS + Azure Blob

Protects against: Single-provider failure, censorship, or data loss

Content is stored in two independent systems. IPFS provides content-addressed decentralised storage; Azure Blob provides geo-redundant cloud backup in Australian data centres.

L4
Integrity LayerSHA-256 Merkle Trees

Protects against: Undetected post-attestation modification

All attestations are rolled into a daily Merkle root. Modifying any document changes the root — detectable by any third party holding the original hash, without needing to access the document.

L5
Anchor LayerCometBFT Blockchain

Protects against: Institutional revisionism — altering historical records

Merkle roots are anchored to the Veritas L1 chain. Forging a record requires collusion of 2/3+ of independent validators — structurally impossible across separate legal entities and jurisdictions.

Storage & Data Sovereignty

Your documents stay in Australia.
The truth stays everywhere.

Document content and private metadata are stored in Australian data centres, meeting the Australian Privacy Act data residency requirements. The public record — hashes only, no personal information — is anchored to a globally distributed blockchain.

IPFS — Content-Addressed StorageImmutable Address
Primary · Decentralised

Documents are stored by their cryptographic hash (CID). The content is the address — it cannot be moved or substituted without the CID changing. No single party controls removal.

Azure Blob — Cloud BackupAU Data Residency
Secondary · Australian Region

Geo-redundant backup in Microsoft Azure's Australian data centres. Satisfies Australian Privacy Act data residency requirements for private metadata and encrypted document storage.

Arweave — Permanent ArchivalOptional · Permanent
Optional · Permanent

For records that must survive all institutional changes, Arweave provides provably permanent storage: a single fee funds storage in perpetuity. No Veritas server required to retrieve the record in 50 years.

Tenant IsolationZero Cross-Tenant Access
Logical separation per organisation

Each organisation's encrypted documents are logically isolated. Cross-tenant data access is not possible at the storage layer — encryption keys are scoped per tenant and never shared.

Consensus & Validator Security

Forging a record requires collusion
of 2/3+ independent validators.

The Veritas chain uses CometBFT Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus — the same consensus engine powering hundreds of Cosmos SDK chains with billions of dollars of value secured. BFT consensus means the system tolerates up to 1/3 of validators acting maliciously without compromising record integrity.

BFT
Byzantine Fault Tolerant consensus

Record integrity maintained even if up to 1/3 of validators act maliciously or go offline.

4+
Independent validators

Each validator operated by a separate Trinity subsidiary under independent legal structure.

HSM
Hardware Security Modules

Validator signing keys stored in hardware security modules — keys cannot be extracted from the device.

Sentry
Node architecture

Validator nodes do not expose direct network addresses. Public-facing sentry nodes absorb and filter traffic.

What Byzantine Fault Tolerance Means for Your Records

A Byzantine fault is the worst-case scenario: a validator that is not just offline, but actively trying to forge records. BFT consensus ensures that even if 1 in 3 validators behaves maliciously, the remaining honest validators will reject the fraudulent records. Forging a Merkle root into the chain requires controlling more than 2/3 of all validators simultaneously — structurally impossible across separate corporate entities, separate legal jurisdictions, and separate physical infrastructure.

Validator Key Management

Each validator uses a Hardware Security Module (HSM) to protect the consensus signing key. HSMs are tamper-resistant hardware devices: the private key is generated inside the device and cannot be extracted in any form. If a validator server is physically seized or remotely compromised, the signing key remains protected inside the HSM and cannot be used to impersonate that validator. This is the same standard used by institutional custodians for digital asset key management.

Access Control & Privacy

Zero-knowledge server.
We cannot read your documents.

The access model is not enforced by policy — it is enforced by the cryptographic architecture. Even with full database access, a Veritas employee would see only encrypted ciphertext. Decryption requires keys that are never stored server-side.

No plaintext on our servers

Documents are encrypted client-side before upload. Veritas servers receive and store only encrypted bytes. This is not a policy — it is an architectural property.

Time-limited access grants

Every grant to an external party (bank, insurer, council) has a defined expiry. Access is automatically revoked at expiry — no manual action required and no risk of forgotten active grants.

Immutable audit trail

Every document access event — who, when, and what they accessed — is recorded in an append-only log. The audit trail cannot be edited or deleted, even by administrators.

Role-based access control

Owner, Engineer, Reviewer, and Authorised Third Party roles have distinct permissions. Principle of least privilege applied at every level: each role can access only what the function requires.

Access Role Hierarchy

Asset OwnerFull read · Write · Grant · RevokeEngineer / AttesterRead assigned · Attest · SignReviewerRead assigned · Counter-signAuthorised Third PartyTime-limited read only · Specific docs

Permissions flow downward only. Third-party access is always owner-authorised, scoped, and time-limited.

Compliance & Regulatory

Built for Australian regulatory requirements.

From data residency to privacy principles, Veritas is designed to meet the requirements of Australian enterprise customers — engineering firms, insurers, councils, and banks.

Australian Privacy Act 1988

  • APP 11: Appropriate technical security safeguards for all personal information
  • APP 13: Correction rights — data architecture supports correction without modifying historical attestations
  • No personal data stored on-chain — only hashes and anonymised asset metadata
  • Private metadata encrypted and stored in Australian data centres

GDPR Alignment

  • Data minimisation: only necessary data is collected and stored
  • Encryption at rest and in transit satisfies Art. 32 appropriate technical measures
  • No personal data on the public blockchain — GDPR right to erasure does not conflict with immutable records
  • Data Processing Agreement available on request

Certification Roadmap

Not yet certified — roadmap shown with honest timelines
  • SOC 2 Type II: targeted Q4 2026, concurrent with external Verification API launch
  • ISO 27001: targeted Q1 2027
  • Smart contract audit: 60 days before Phase 1 chain mainnet launch
  • Audit reports will be published in redacted form following Iagon and Vanta transparency models

What data is stored where

On-Chain (Public Ledger)
  • Document SHA-256 hash (fingerprint only — no content)
  • Asset type and classification (e.g. "Commercial Building")
  • Attestation timestamp
  • Attester public key (not name or identity)
  • Merkle root (daily batch)
Off-Chain (Encrypted, AU-Hosted)
  • Document content (AES-256-GCM encrypted)
  • Private asset metadata (owner details, addresses)
  • Attester professional credentials
  • Access grant records (who accessed what)
  • Audit trail logs

Audit Program

Planned independent reviews
before every major milestone.

Independent security audits are planned at each milestone, not performed retrospectively. We believe in publishing the plan before the audits are complete — because the commitment to audit is itself a signal of security maturity.

Audit summary reports will be published in redacted form. Redaction covers only exploit-specific implementation details — severity classifications, remediation status, and overall findings will be publicly accessible, following the transparency model established by Iagon, Vanta, and Proof.com.

Phase 0 — Current
Architecture Review
PlannedPre-external API launch

Full architecture review of the Opus/Veritas integration layer: storage paths, key handling, authentication, and API surface.

Under evaluation: Hacken, Oak Security, Halborn

Phase 1 — Chain Launch
Smart Contract Audit
Planned60 days before mainnet

Independent audit of all four Cosmos SDK modules: x/asset, x/attestation, x/access, x/lifecycle. Line-by-line review by external blockchain security specialists.

Under evaluation: Hacken, Oak Security, Halborn

Phase 1 — Chain Launch
Penetration Test
Planned30 days before mainnet

Black-box and grey-box penetration testing of the full stack: API endpoints, authentication flows, validator infrastructure, and document access paths.

Separate firm from smart contract audit to ensure independent coverage

Phase 2 — Governance
SOC 2 Type II
RoadmapQ4 2026 target

Third-party attestation covering security, availability, and confidentiality trust service criteria. Required for enterprise API customers in banking and insurance.

Firm to be selected through formal RFP process

Operational Security

Security by practice, not just by architecture.

Technical controls are only part of the picture. Operational security ensures the right people have the right access and that incidents are detected and responded to rapidly.

Infrastructure Redundancy

Multi-location infrastructure with automated failover. No single point of failure across compute, storage, or network layers. Chain validators operate on separate physical infrastructure.

24/7 Monitoring

Continuous monitoring across chain health, storage availability, attestation processing, and authentication events. Automated alerting with defined escalation paths for security-relevant events.

Least-Privilege Access

Internal staff access is scoped to the minimum required for their role. No single employee has access to all system components. Production access requires approval and is time-limited.

Personnel Screening

Background and reference checks for all personnel with system access. Security awareness training at onboarding and annually. Secure offboarding with immediate access revocation.

Incident Response

Documented incident response plan with defined severity classifications and response timelines. Security incidents that affect customer data will be disclosed within 24 hours of detection and confirmation.

Vendor Risk Management

All third-party service providers are assessed for security posture before engagement. Only providers with appropriate security certifications are used for infrastructure and data handling.

Responsible Disclosure

We welcome security researchers
acting in good faith.

Security research that responsibly identifies and discloses vulnerabilities makes the platform safer for everyone who depends on it. We commit to working with researchers openly and without legal action for good-faith disclosure.

Contact
[email protected]

PGP key available on request for encrypted submission

Acknowledge within 2 business days
Triage and severity assessment within 5 business days
Critical issues targeted for resolution within 10 business days
Bug bounty program launching with Phase 1 chain release

In Scope

  • Attestation integrity — forgery or manipulation of attestation records
  • Authentication bypass — gaining access to documents or accounts without authorisation
  • Data exposure — access to document content without valid grants
  • Privilege escalation — accessing capabilities beyond your assigned role
  • Cryptographic weaknesses in our implementation (not in the underlying standards)

Out of Scope

  • Denial-of-service attacks or any testing that degrades system availability
  • Social engineering of Veritas or Trinity DAO personnel
  • Physical security attacks on infrastructure
  • Automated scanning results without demonstrated exploitability
  • Theoretical vulnerabilities in NIST-standardised cryptographic algorithms
Safe Harbour Statement

Researchers who follow this policy and report in good faith — without unauthorised access to production data, without disclosure to third parties before resolution, and without denial-of-service testing — will not face legal action from Veritas or Trinity DAO Pty Ltd in relation to their security research.

Security Standards & Commitments

Privacy Act 1988
APP 11 & APP 13 Compliant
NIST Standards
FIPS 197 · FIPS 203 · FIPS 180-4
Post-Quantum Ready
ML-KEM FIPS 203 (2024)
AU Data Residency
Private data in Australian DCs
Audit Planned
Hacken / Oak Security / Halborn

Built to hold documents that must remain true
for the next 50 years.

Security questions? Contact us at [email protected] or request early access to discuss your specific requirements.